Water Leak Detection using Arduino.
This project allows you to connect at least 4 “leak ropes” to an Arduino and provide an audible alarm if water is detected on one of the ropes.
The circuit is a voltage divider with some protection. CMR electrical who supply the leak rope state you should use AC voltage not DC to prevent corrosion. I haven’t done that, so take note.
When you first power it up, you need to press the calibrate button -
From that point, the code just compares the live reading to the baseline reading
and and works out the percentage deviation from that value. The rest of the code
is the Enigmatheatre API mode code for Homeseer -
Please note my version of the API is very much out of date, you will need to get
the API generated by your installation and merge my code back into it -
The conductive wire on the leak rope is stainless steel, which means you can solder it. I used bootlace ferules to crimp wires which were then soldered.
The end of the rope has a 6 meg resistor added -
Homeseer thread in the Plugin Sub forum is HERE and the Youtube video about the project can be found HERE
The Leak rope Circuit
Essentially I’m creating a voltage divider between the two power rails and feeding that into the Arduino Analogue input.
- The 1N5819 Schottky Diodes are used to protect the Arduino and clamp the input voltage from exceeding 5v or 0V
- The 1uf capacitor slows the rise time, to smooth the analogue input
- The two 5 Meg Resistors form the voltage divider, because the impedance (resistance) is so high, even the slightest conductivity to ground will cause the voltage to go down, which is read by the analogue input of the Arduino.
- The Leak rope has a ~6 Meg resistor on the end, this pulls the input low by about 10%. I use this as a way of detecting the presence of the rope (because without it, you wouldn’t be able to tell if it was connected or not)
- The ground side of the leak rope is fed via a 200k resistor, this is just to protect the ground plane from any voltages that might get transmitted or picked up. (I think I should probably have a diode on that as well)
- The calibrate switch is a simple short to ground which pulls the digital input low.
- The beeper is a simple beeper, it only draws 20ma -
anything bigger would require a transistor to drive it.
The Leak / Water Detection Rope was bought from here. 10 meters cost £50 + carriage. (Avoid their expensive standard £16 courier charge and request they pack it in a jiffy bag for about half the price)
The Enclosure came from Hobby Parts and Supplies.
Visual Micro -
The display
The display is a very common HD44780 based 20x4 LCD display. It uses a little i2c daughter board to simplify connectivity. Search Ebay for “HD44780 20x4 i2c”. I got mine from flux workshop, but there are many suppliers.
I used the following i2c scanner in order to find the correct address of the device.
The Code
You can find the source code HERE.
In the Enigmatheatre Plugin you need to create a new board in API mode, it will generate the skeleton API code with your IP address etc. You then you need to merge in my code into the relevant sections.
The key thing is to comment out:
//#include <EEPROM.h>
Because I use an enhanced version of the library and it will fail to compile of they are both present.
There are 5 sections that need to be pasted in your own generated API template file which are clearly commented.
13/5/2019 -